Linux Server

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# Check Ubuntu update - for Ubuntu 20.04

$sudo apt update

# Execute Ubuntu upgrade

$sudo apt upgrade

# Set Linux Host Fix IP for Ubuntu 20.04

ls /etc/netplan

ip a - to check the name and ip address of interfaces

sudo nano /etc/netplan/01-network-manager-all.yaml

network:

Version: 2

Renderer: NetworkManager/ networkd

ethernets:

enp0s25:

Dhcp4: no

Addresses: [192.168.88.188/24]

Gateway: 192.168.88.1

Nameservers:

Addresses: [192.168.88.1, 8.8.8.8]

Note: use space bar only, DO NOT use tab to indent

$ sudo netplan try ;To testing configuration

$ sudo netplan apply

$sudo systemctl restart network-manager

Use setting at network icon of top right desktop corner to verify the setting implemented

4) Setup SSH server

sudo apt install openssh-server

# Configuration - set port, authentication method for password or key

sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config

#Set Key file authentication

#Append public key to /home/user/.ssh/authorized_keys

sudo cat id_key_2014.pub >> authorized_keys # key name is doesn't care, content does

sudo service ssh restart

5) Set timezone

1) Check time $ sudo timedatectl status

2) Set timezone $ sudo timedatectl set-timezone "Australia/Sydney"

6) Set Hostname

1) Change hostname from /etc/hostname

2) Change hostname from /etc/hosts

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7) Mount external disk after system booted up

1) sudo fdisk -l #detect disk even in unpartition

#Show the device name /dev/sdxx

#First command to work on a new disk

2) sudo fdisk /dev/sdx #Manipulate disk partition on /dev/sdx,

#Create partition table by "n" command

#Note: /dev/sdb is disk level

# /dev/sdb1 is partition level

#Must create partition eg. /dev/sdb1 before format disk. Format patition but not disk.

3) sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdxn #format /dev/sdb1 to ext4

# Using mkfs.vfat32 to FAT32

4) sudo blkid #locate the universal unique Identifier of /dev/sdb2

#Format, show UUID="XXXXXXXXXXXXXX"

#Unformat, show PTUUID="XXXXXXXXXXXXX"

5) sudo lsblk #Concise list all disk partitions

6) sudo lshw -C disk #Also for all hardware

7) sudo mkdir /srv/data #Create mount point with root on uid and gid

8) sudo groupadd data

9) sudo usermod -aG data USERNAME # user to be added

10) sudo chown -R :data /srv/data # change ownership of the mount point

11) sudo nano /etc/fstab

12) Add line

UUID=XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX /srv/data exfat umask=002,gid=1003,uid=1000

13) sudo mount -a #test the entry before boot

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8) List disk and their partitions

9) System User Maintanence: ;Ubuntu setup NO root account by default

$sudo adduser ;adduser

$sudo addusr quakershill sudo ;add user to a group

$sudo usermod -u 1000 quakershill ;change user id

$sudo useradd USERNAME --shell /bin/false ;add user to system without home directory and account disabled

$sudo usermod -d /srv/2tb/home/username -m username ;Change home directory

$sudo usermod -u 1009 user :change user id

$sudo groupmod -g 1009 sambashare ;change group id of a user or group : a user must has his own group but group can be group only

Remove user and home directory saftety

$sudo userdel quakershill

$sudo rm -r /home/quakershill

10) Remove Linux network presistence rule: sudo rm -rf /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

This is reset Linux weired networking issue

11) Send job to Background

$Cntl Z -> bg

$jobs

12) delete thumbs.db in unix sudo find /home/user -name Thumbs.db -exec rm {} \;

13) How to disable auto suspend when I close laptop lid

Edit /etc/systemd/logind.conf

Set HandleLidSwitch=ignore

14) Solve "system program problem detected" in 20.04

sudo nano /etc/default/apport

Change enable=1 to enable=0

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Setup FTP server

$ sudo apt update

$sudo apt install vsftpd

$sudo systemctl status vsftpd

$sude systemctl restart vsftpd

$du -sh .

@sudo /etc/vsftpd.conf

anonymous_enable=NO

local_enable=YES

write_enable=YES

chroot_local_user=YES

allow_writeable_chroot=YES

#Test connection from REOLINK camera is port 21

#Create ftp receive driectory

/srv/srv_2tb/2tb/ftp

#set directory access owner:siueric group:2tb

#create ftp user

#As create normal user quaker01

#Assign to group 2tb

sudo chgrp 2tb quaker01

#set home directory /srv/srv_2tb/2tb/ftp/quaker01

sudo usermod -d /srv/srv_2tb/2tb/ftp/quaker01 quaker01

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Get public ip address from ubuntu

#shell is bash

$ sudo nano ~/.bashrc

#add

alias wan='curl ifconfig.me &&echo'

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#Setup Zerotier VPN node on Ubuntu:

$ sudo snap install zerotier-one

$ sudo snap connect zerotier-one:network-control

$ sudo zerotier-one.zerotier-cli info

$ sudo zerotier-one.zerotier-cli join "network ID"

$ sudo zerotier-one.zerotier-cli listnetworks

$ ifconfig

$ sudo zerotier-one.zerotier-cli list -- to display available cli command

$ sudo snap remove zerotier-one

$ sudo systemctl -- command can control all load service

$ sudo service --status-all --display loaded services list

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3) Set up Samba:

Install Samba $sudo apt-get install samba

add smb user $sudo smbpasswd -a username ; For create smb user, but username must be in system user

List smb user $sudo pdbedit -L -v

Create group 2tb $sudo groupadd 2tb

Add user to group 2tb $sudo addusr siueric 2tb

Make share directory $sudo mkdir /srv/2tb : Do not use sudo to create otherwise would be root right and unable to access for user

Change owner $sudo chown siueric /srv/2tb

Change group $sudo chgrp 2tb /srv/2tb

configure service $sudo nano -w /etc/samba/smb.conf

reload smb service $sudo systemctl restart nmbd

Test SMB and list service share $sudo testparm

Edit smb.conf file for the following

[2tb]

path = /srv/2tb

available = yes

valid users = siueric

read only = no

browseable = yes

public = yes

writable = yes

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